Germany is developing a comprehensive directory of emergency shelters, including bunkers and converted spaces, to bolster civilian protection amid escalating tensions with Russia. The initiative, announced by the interior ministry, reflects growing concerns over security risks in Europe following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
Modernizing Civil Defense
The plan includes compiling a digital list of existing and potential shelters, such as underground train stations, car parks, state buildings, and private properties. The database will be accessible via a phone app, enabling citizens to locate nearby shelters in case of an emergency.
A ministry spokesperson also revealed that citizens will be encouraged to convert basements and garages into private protective spaces. However, the spokesperson noted that implementing the plan will take time, given its complexity and the involvement of multiple agencies, including the Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance.
Germany’s Current Shelter Capacity
Germany, with a population of 84 million, currently has 579 operational bunkers capable of sheltering 480,000 people. This is a significant reduction from the approximately 2,000 bunkers available during the Cold War. Many of these structures date back to World War II and require modernization to meet contemporary needs.
The emergency shelter plan stems from agreements reached at a senior officials’ conference in June, with a dedicated task force now examining its implementation.
Rising Security Concerns
The initiative comes against the backdrop of heightened security concerns in Europe. Since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, NATO members have raised alarms about potential threats to alliance territories.
In October, German intelligence agencies warned that Russia might possess the capability to launch an attack on NATO by 2030. These fears have been compounded by reports of increased Russian espionage and sabotage activities within Germany.
Adding to the concerns, Russian President Vladimir Putin recently described the conflict in Ukraine as having characteristics of a “global” war, suggesting that strikes on Western countries could not be ruled out.
A Broader Call for Preparedness
Germany’s efforts to revamp its civil defense system signal a broader push among NATO countries to enhance resilience against potential threats. Encouraging citizens to prepare private shelters and integrating state-owned facilities into a centralized system are seen as critical steps toward readiness.
As European security dynamics continue to evolve, Germany’s plan underscores the urgency of adapting civil protection strategies to contemporary risks.
